Appendix 4: Glossary and Abbreviations

Accessibility Corridors – As a minimum this should consist of a bus corridor with at least a 15 minute frequency during week-days and half-hourly during evenings and weekends. Such corridors should be designated to ‘Quality Bus’ standard and be served by routes to two or more transport hubs. Developments should be located within a maximum of 400 metres and preferably 300 metres walking distance from a bus stop on such a route.

Affordable Housing – Circular 06/1998 ’Planning and Affordable Housing’, defines affordable housing as ‘to encompass both low-cost market and subsidised housing (irrespective of tenure, ownership) that will be available to people who cannot afford to rent or buy houses generally available on the open market’.

Agricultural Diversification – The introduction of alternative uses to traditional farming activities in rural areas.

Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty – An environmental designation of national importance, which dates back to 1964. It aims to conserve and enhance the natural beauty through the protection of flora, fauna and geological as well as landscape features.

Biodiversity Action Plan (UK) – This is the UK Government's response to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) signed in 1992. It describes the UK's biological resources and identifies protection of these resources. There are 391 Species Action Plans, 45 Habitat Action Plans and 162 Local Biodiversity Action Plans with targeted actions.

Biodiversity Action Plan (Lancashire) – The Lancashire Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) has been produced by the Lancashire Biodiversity Partnership and offers guidance on what can be done at the local level to maintain and enhance Lancashire's wildlife.

Biological Heritage Sites – A schedule of non statutory sites of acknowledged county or regional nature conservation value, identified by the BHS partnership which comprises Lancashire County Council, the Wildlife Trust (in Lancashire) and English Nature (Cheshire to Lancashire Team).

Brownfield Land – Land which has been previously developed, being occupied by a permanent structure (excluding agricultural or forestry buildings), and associated fixed infrastructure. The definition covers the curtilage of the development. Previously developed land may occur in both built up and rural settings. The definition includes defence buildings and land used for mineral extraction and waste disposal, where provision for restoration has not been made through development control.

The definition excludes land and buildings that are currently in use for agricultural or forestry purposes, and land in built up areas which has not been previously developed (parks, recreation grounds, allotments, even though these may contain certain urban features such as paths, pavilions and other buildings). Also excluded is land that was previously developed but where the remains of the structure or activity have blended into the landscape in the process of time (to the extent that it can be considered as part of the natural surroundings), and where there is clear reason that could outweigh the reuse of the site – such as its contribution to nature conservation – or it has subsequently been put to an amenity use and cannot be regarded as requiring
development.

Conservation Area – Areas which are allocated to preserve and enhance sites of architectural and historic importance, under the Town and Country Planning Act (1990).

Curtilage – The area forming part of parcel with a house or building which it contains or is attached to. A curtilage will normally be defined by some form of boundary enclosure. Residential garages or garden structures do not have curtilages. Development on curtilage will only be acceptable within the settlement boundary, and on sites of 0.2 ha or less.

Development – The carrying out of building, engineering, mining or other operations, in, on over or under land, or the making of any material change in the use of any buildings or other land.

Development Brief – A statement which guides the development of a particular site, with regard to land use and standards of design, layout and quality.

Environmental Impact Assessment – A statement which details the likely environmental impacts of particular planning applications. Town and Country Planning (Assessment of Environmental Effects) Regulations 1988.

General Permitted Development Order – The majority of development requires planning permission. The GPDO identifies particular forms of development where planning permission is not required.

Geological Heritage Sites / Regionally Important Geological and Geomorphological Sites – These are sites which are of great Geological or Geomorphological interest and importance. They are designated at a regional or local level. In Pendle they are designated by Lancashire County Council.

Green Belt – Areas of open land where new development is strictly controlled to prevent urban sprawl, protect the countryside and assist with urban regeneration.

Greenfield Land – Land which has not been previously developed, often comprising of land that was last used for agriculture.

HMR Reserved Housing Land/Site – Land that is protected for its potential to accommodate off-site replacement dwellings and associated infrastructure, including open space required in connection with residential clearance associated with the HMR Pathfinder Programme (in line with Policy 18). Monitoring will indicate if the sites are, or are not, required for housing development over the plan period.

Infill Development – Infill is land which is developed on 3 immediate sides or, where the land is bounded by a settlement boundary or Local Plan allocation, there should be development on all other immediate sides except 1 or, the filling of a small gap within a built up frontage.

Lancashire Sites and Monuments Record – An index and list of known archaeological and historical sites in the county, maintained by Lancashire County Council. It includes Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings and other sites. (See www.lancashire.gov.uk).

Landscape Character Approach – Character zones for the countryside within which specific development guidelines apply. The zones have special landscape characteristics, features and patterns that make them distinctive.

Listed Building – A building of special architectural or historic interest designated by the Department of Culture, Media and Sport. Listed buildings are graded according to importance, Grade I; highest, Grade II*; intermediate, Grade II; standard, and cannot be altered or demolished without consent being granted.

Local Nature Reserves - Are places that have wildlife or geological features that are of special local interest. In Pendle LNRs are designated by the Lancashire Wildlife Trust and the Borough of Pendle.

Local Plan – Forms part of the development plan with the Structure Plan. It sets out detailed policies and proposals for the use of land within local authority areas.

Planning Policy Guidance note (PPG) – Disseminated from Central Government to provide national guidance on planning issues. Local Authorities are expected to have regard to them in making decisions on planning applications and in formulating policy in Development Plans.

Planning Policy Statements – Previously known as Planning Policy Guidance Notes (PPGs), Planning Policy Statements (PPSs) are prepared by the Government, after public consultation, to explain statutory provisions and to provide guidance to local authorities and others on planning policy and the operation of the planning system. PPSs also explain the relationship between planning policies and other policies which have an important bearing on issues of development and land use. PPSs are issued by the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM) and local authorities must take their contents into account in preparing their development plans. PPSs are a material consideration in determining planning applications and appeals and they generally supersede development plan policies if they have been published at a later date. Advice is separated into accompanying documents so there is a clear distinction between policy and guidance.

Regional Spatial Strategy for the North West – Formally Regional Planning Guidance for the North West (RPG13). Converted to the Regional Spatial Strategy in September 2004 upon commencement of Parts 1, 2 and 3 of the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004. The Regional Spatial Strategy is now a statutory document and forms part of the Development Plan for Pendle.

Register of Parks and Gardens of special historic interest in England – A nonstatutory list of designed landscapes compiled by English Heritage under powers in the 1983 National Heritage Act. Its main purpose is to identify and draw attention to the best historic parks and gardens that constitute such an important part of the cultural heritage of England.

Renewable Energy – Energy that occurs naturally and can be used for human consumption without ever running out, examples include sun, wind and water.

Scheduled Monument – A structure or archaeological remain of national importance, which are protected under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979.

Section 106 Agreements – An agreement made between the local Authority and the developer to restrict or regulate the development or use of land/ buildings, out with the scope of a planning condition.

Sequential Test – This is a site selection process that will be applied to all housing, employment and retail development. For example, developers selecting sites for housing development should demonstrate that all potential brownfield sites have been thoroughly assessed before any greenfield sites are considered.

Adopting a sequential approach to housing means that first preference should be for the re-use or conversion of an existing building within a settlement boundary, previously developed land within a settlement boundary, followed by the development of previously undeveloped land within a settlement boundary, where this avoids areas of open space, areas identified as being of defined settlement character and areas of natural heritage, where it is demonstrated that the site is well located in relation to houses, jobs, other services and infrastructure, and is or can be made accessible by public transport, walking or cycling, and only then allocated greenfield sites.

Sites of Local Natural Importance – A schedule of non statutory sites of acknowledged nature conservation value, designated at the Local level by the Council.

Special Areas of Conservation – These are internationally designated areas which contain important natural habitats of wild flora and fauna. They are designated by the EU and the Conservation (Natural Habitats &c.) Regulations 1994 (the Habitats Regulations).

Special Protection Areas - These are internationally designated areas which contain important wild bird species. They are designated by the EU and the Conservation (Natural Habitats & c.) Regulations 1994 (the Habitats Regulations).

Structure Plan – Forms part of the Development Plan and sets out strategic policies to be interpreted through more detailed policies in the Local Plan.

Supplementary Planning Guidance – Detailed planning advice which bolsters and adds weight to existing policies in the Development Plan.

Sustainable Development – Is development that meets the needs of today’s generation, without compromising the needs of future generations to meet their own needs.

Tree Preservation Order – An order made by the Council to protect a tree, or group of trees or woodlands of amenity value from development. Consent is required to fell, lop or prune trees covered by such an order.

Urban Potential Study – Identifies the amount of new housing that can be accommodated on previously developed land. The study searched the urban areas for suitable parcels of land, vacant buildings suitable for conversion, re-occupation of empty homes, provision of flats over shops and the sub division of existing dwellings. The Urban Potential Study is available for a charge from the Development Plans and Policy section.

Use Classes Order (1987) – The Town and Country Planning Use Classes Order 1987, as amended, details all land uses. Change from one use to another within the same use class does not require planning permission. In certain situations, changes from one use to another will not constitute development and do not require permission. All other changes require planning permission (a summary of the Use Classes Order can be found to the rear of Appendix 4).

Windfall Site – A housing site, not identified for development within the Local Plan or Urban Potential Study, but comes forward for development on receipt of planning permission.

ABBREVIATIONS

Abbreviation	Description
RSS	Regional Spatial Strategy for the North West
JLSP	Joint Lancashire Structure Plan 2001-2016
PPG	Planning Policy Guidance Note
SPG	Supplementary Planning Guidance
SSSI	Site of Special Scientific Interest
BHS	Biological Heritage Sites
LNI	Sites of Local Natural Importance
AONB	Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty
EIA	Environmental Impact Assessment
DPD	Development Plan Document
SPD	Supplementary Planning Document
ADF	Area Development Framework
GHS	Geological Heritage Site
SAC	Special Area of Conservation
SPA	Special Protection Area
LNR	Local Nature Reserve
PPS	Planning Policy Statement
SuDS	Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems
RIGS	Regionally Important Geological and Geomorphological Sites
B&EM	Black and Ethnic Minorities
ICNIRP	International Commission on Non-ionizing Radiation Protection

Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order 1987 (Summary)

Use Class	Description
A1	Including shops (any purpose), hairdressers, undertakers, travel and ticket agencies, post offices, dry cleaners.
A2	Including banks, building societies, estate agents. Professional and financial services and betting offices.
A3	Restaurants, cafes and snack bars.
A4	Pubs and bars.
A5	Take-Aways.
B1	Offices (not within A2), light industry and research and laboratories.
B2	General Industry.
B8	Warehouse and distribution.
C1	Hotels, guest houses and hostels.
C2	Residential schools and colleges, hospitals and nursing homes
C3	Dwellings.
D1	Medical/health practices, nursery, education establishment, museum, library, public hall and place of worship.
D2	Cinemas, concert halls, bingo and casino. Swimming baths, gymnasium and other indoor and outdoor sports and leisure.

A full version of the Use Classes Order can be found on the ODPM website: www.odpm.gov.uk